Who is responsible for making federal laws in the United States?

The responsibility for making federal laws in the United States lies with Congress, which is the legislative branch of the federal government. Congress is bicameral, consisting of two chambers: the House of Representatives and the Senate. Both chambers work together to draft, debate, and pass legislation. This process involves multiple steps, including the introduction of bills, committee evaluations, debates, and votes. If a bill is approved by both the House and Senate, it is then sent to the President for approval.

The President, while an influential figure in the law-making process, does not create laws. Instead, the President can sign bills into law or veto them, which adds an executive layer to the legislative process but does not confer law-making authority.

The Supreme Court's role is judicial, focusing on interpreting laws and the Constitution, rather than creating them. The Cabinet, composed of heads of various federal departments, advises the President and helps implement laws but does not have a legislative function. This clear delineation of responsibilities emphasizes the separation of powers principle built into the U.S. government system.